推倒柏林围墙幕后功臣──东德基督教会
<div><p class="MsoNormal"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="宋体"><br></font></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US">2009</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年</span><span lang="EN-US">11</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">月</span><span lang="EN-US">9</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日中央社记者林育立柏林报道﹕</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 德国今天庆祝柏林围墙倒塌</span><span lang="EN-US"> 20 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">周年，一整天的庆祝仪式一早从东柏林的客西马尼教堂开始，因为当年庇护反对派人士的东德基督教会，其实才是推倒柏林围墙的幕后功臣。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 早在</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1980 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年代初，东柏林客西马尼</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Gethsemane) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">教堂和来比锡</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Leipzig) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">尼可拉</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Nikolai) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">教堂等东德的基督新教信仰中心，就已经是民间环保组织和民运份子聚集的场所，牧师每周主持的礼拜，逐渐演变成异议人士畅所欲言的舞台。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US">1989 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年东德变天前夕，东柏林和来比锡的多处教会，早已发展成全国的反对运动中心，其中来比锡尼可拉教堂</span><span lang="EN-US"> 10 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">月</span><span lang="EN-US"> 9 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日傍晚礼拜结束后，手持烛火从教堂走出的民众，加上自动自发加入的上万名市民聚集在街头，公认是东德共党跨台的前奏曲。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 就在柏林围墙倒塌前几天，无视军警威胁和逮捕，客西马尼教堂仍为上千名异议份子提供庇护，东德名指挥家鲁伊特</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Rolf Reuter) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">甚至利用在教堂演出贝多芬交响曲的机会，公开要求拆除围墙，赢得在场人士的欢呼，震惊全东德。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 柏林围墙倒塌</span><span lang="EN-US"> 20 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年的庆祝仪式，今天因此从客西马尼教堂的礼拜开始，德国总统柯勒</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Horst Koehler) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">和总理梅克尔</span><span lang="EN-US">(Angela Merkel)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，亲率内阁成员参加，多位东德当年的民运份子也在场，教堂内挤得水泄不通。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 德国基督新教的总主教胡柏</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Wolfgang Huber) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">在致词时，特别提起当年受压迫的人权斗士，呼吁各界不应遗忘东德政权的「不正义」。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 德国的天主教领袖左力希大主教</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Robert Zollitsch) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">也感性地说，面对这历史事件，感激和惊喜的心情还是一再撼动人心，「自由是神恩赐的礼物，不要忘了其他活在不自由的人」。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 柏林墙倒 德总理归功人权斗士与教会</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US">2009</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年</span><span lang="EN-US">11</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">月</span><span lang="EN-US">9</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日中央社记者林育立柏林报道﹕</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 今天是柏林围墙倒塌</span><span lang="EN-US"> 20 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">周年的纪念日，</span><span lang="EN-US">30 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">国领袖将在柏林同庆。德国总理梅克尔将东德垮台归功于人权斗士和教会的努力，同时强调东西部生活水平差距仍大，「统一尚未完成」。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 出身东德的梅克尔</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Angela Merkel) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">透过播客</span><span lang="EN-US">(Podcast) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">节目，首先推崇</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1989 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年</span><span lang="EN-US"> 11 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">月</span><span lang="EN-US"> 9 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日是「德国近代史上最幸运的一天」。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 她强调，勇敢为自由和民主奋斗的人权斗士，以及让民众畅所欲言的基督教会，才是推倒围墙的功臣。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 梅克尔还推崇前苏联领导人戈尔巴乔夫</span><span lang="EN-US"> (MikhailGorbachev) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">和波兰团结工联领袖华勒沙</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Lech Walesa) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">推动中东欧民主运动的贡献，同时感激在第二次世界大战后占领德国的美国、英国、法国和苏联四强，促成德国统一。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 东德变天标志人民力量的胜利。历史学家公认，东柏林的客西马尼</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Gethsemane) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">教堂和来比锡</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Leipzig) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的尼可拉</span><span lang="EN-US"> (Nikolai) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">教堂，早在</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1980 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年代初即提供环保、和平运动和人权组织保护伞，这些基督教会后来逐渐演变成全国的反对运动中心，才是柏林墙倾倒幕后的真正推手。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 梅克尔今天一早接受「德国电视一台」</span><span lang="EN-US">(ARD) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">访问时也指出，虽然德东的工业污染比过去减少很多，东西德人平均寿命也「几乎拉平」，不过，东部许多地区的失业率依然比西部高一倍。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 她因此呼吁全国人一起努力，平衡东西部的生活水平差距，「德国统一尚未完成」。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 事实上，德国东部的经济在柏林墙倒后急起直追。根据德国经济研究所</span><span lang="EN-US"> (DIW) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的最新研究，德东的国民生产毛额已达德西的</span><span lang="EN-US">70%</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，最快</span><span lang="EN-US"> 10 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年后，就能追上西部的落后地区。</span></p></div>
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